Abstract
The Pronunction of Arabic and Persian Words in Kutadgu Bilig and Atebetü'l-Hakâyık
Arabic and Persian words in Kutadgu Bilig and Atebetü'l-Hakâyık’s text publications were translated into text based on their current form. Arabic and Persian words in the works do not fully reflect the 11th century pronunciation. This study was not created to show the pronunciations of Arabic and Persian words in Turkey Turkish in both works; it was created in order to evaluate the possible pronunciations of these words in the period in which they were written. It is seen that the original pronunciation is preserved in the dialects whose connection with Islam is provided with literary language as well as oral language, as in Turkey Turkish. In dialects where Arabic and Persian words enter the language through the spoken language, it is understood that the words are formed according to the phonetic of the language. The entering of Arabic and Persian words into the language through written and spoken language gains importance in this sense. Because in Turkey Turkish, Arabic and Persian words, which are out of palatal harmony, are included in the palatal harmony in the dialects they enter through spoken language. The available data give an idea about the pronunciation of Arabic and Persian words which take, out of palatal harmony suffixes in Kutadgu Bilig and Atebetü'l-Hakâyık; but it does not allow to determine the exact pronunciations. Since some of the words have their counterparts in a small number of dialects, there are no sound features that support their pronunciation. Some of the widely used Arabic and Persian words, which have suffix with back vowel in Kutadgu Bilig and Atebetü'l-Hakâyık are compatible with the palatal harmony in some contemporary dialects and in some of them out of harmony. In Kutadgu Bilig and Atebetü'l-Hakâyık, it has been determined that some words that have the suffixes with back vowel, are pronounced with the back vowels in the dialects and some of them are in harmony with the palate with fine vowels.
Keywords
palatal harmony, Kutadgu Bilig, Atebetü’l-Hakâyık, Karakhanid Turkish, disharmony.