Abstract
The Relationships between The Golden Horde and Byzantıum (1261-1453)
The Golden Horda, founded by grandsons of Chinggiz Khan after the dismemberment of his great Eurasian empire, got in close relation with Byzantium, directly and indirectly. Khans of the Horde, being in alliance with the Egyptian mamluks against their rival relatives, the Ilkhanid dynasty, considered the Byzantine realm a passage to Egypt, and a bulk of the relations was about going of embassies of the Horde and Egypt throughout Byzantium. This article narrates these relations in chronological order.<
Keywords
Mongols, the Golden Horde, Egypt, Mamluks, Byzantium, Ilkhanids.